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Natural Preservatives Guide

Natural vs synthetic preservatives ranked by safety. 60 additives listed.

Sorbic Acid
E200

Common preservative

Sodium Sorbate
E201

Sodium salt of sorbic acid preservative

Potassium Sorbate
E202

Widely used preservative

Calcium Sorbate
E203

Calcium salt of sorbic acid

Heptyl p-hydroxybenzoate
E209

Paraben preservative. Delisted in EU

Benzoic Acid
E210

Preservative for acidic foods

Sodium Benzoate
E211

Common preservative. Can form benzene with vitamin C

Potassium Benzoate
E212

Preservative

Calcium Benzoate
E213

Preservative

Ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate (Ethylparaben)
E214

Paraben preservative

Sodium Ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate
E215

Paraben preservative

Propyl p-hydroxybenzoate (Propylparaben)
E216

Banned in EU for food use since 2006. Still used in US cosmetics

Sodium Propyl p-hydroxybenzoate
E217

Banned in EU. Paraben concerns

Methyl p-hydroxybenzoate (Methylparaben)
E218

Paraben preservative

Sodium Methyl p-hydroxybenzoate
E219

Paraben preservative

Sulphur Dioxide
E220

Preservative for wine, dried fruits. Allergen

Sodium Sulphite
E221

Sulphite preservative. Allergen

Sodium Hydrogen Sulphite
E222

Sulphite. Allergen

Sodium Metabisulphite
E223

Sulphite. Allergen

Potassium Metabisulphite
E224

Sulphite. Allergen

Potassium Sulphite
E225

Sulphite preservative. Allergen

Potassium Sulphite (dihydrate)
E225a

Crystal form of potassium sulphite. Sulphite allergen

Calcium Sulphite
E226

Sulphite. Allergen

Calcium Hydrogen Sulphite
E227

Sulphite. Allergen

Potassium Hydrogen Sulphite
E228

Sulphite. Allergen

Biphenyl / Diphenyl
E230

Citrus fruit fungicide. Removed from EU approved list in 2005

Orthophenyl Phenol (OPP)
E231

Citrus peel fungicide. Removed from EU food additives list

Sodium Orthophenyl Phenol
E232

Sodium salt of OPP. Removed from EU list

Thiabendazole
E233

Fungicide for citrus/banana skins. Now classified as pesticide, not food additive

Nisin
E234

Natural antimicrobial from bacteria

Natamycin / Pimaricin
E235

Antifungal for cheese

Formic Acid
E236

Antibacterial. Delisted as food additive in EU

Sodium Formate
E237

Delisted in EU as food additive

Calcium Formate
E238

Delisted in EU as food additive

Hexamethylenetetramine
E239

Provolone cheese only

Formaldehyde
E240

Highly toxic. Banned worldwide as food additive. Known carcinogen (IARC Group 1)

Dimethyl Dicarbonate
E242

Cold sterilization for beverages

Potassium Nitrite
E249

Cured meat preservative. Concerns about nitrosamines

Sodium Nitrite
E250

Cured meat preservative. Concerns about nitrosamines

Sodium Nitrate
E251

Cured meat preservative

Potassium Nitrate
E252

Cured meat preservative

Acetic Acid
E260

Vinegar. Natural preservative

Potassium Acetate
E261

Acidity regulator

Sodium Acetate
E262

Preservative and flavoring

Calcium Acetate
E263

Preservative

Ammonium Acetate
E264

Acidity regulator

Dehydroacetic Acid
E265

Preservative not approved for food in EU. Used in cosmetics

Sodium Dehydroacetate
E266

Not approved in EU for food use

Lactic Acid
E270

Natural acid. Widely used

Propionic Acid
E280

Bread mold inhibitor

Sodium Propionate
E281

Bread preservative

Sodium Diacetate
E281a

Preservative and flavoring agent

Calcium Propionate
E282

Common bread preservative

Potassium Propionate
E283

Bread preservative

Boric Acid
E284

Caviar only

Sodium Tetraborate (Borax)
E285

Caviar only. Banned in US for food

Sodium Tetraborate Decahydrate
E285a

Borax variant. Caviar only

Carbon Dioxide
E290

Carbonation gas

Malic Acid
E296

Natural fruit acid

Fumaric Acid
E297

Acidity regulator